Improvement in fancy-looms



5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. CROMPTON. FANCY LooM.

No. 51,928. Patented Jan. 9, 1866.

' 5 Sheets-ShamI 2.

G, GROMPTON. FANCY-LOOM.

Patented Jan.l 9, 1866.

Wzeww WWW J, 14.4. fri@ No. 51,928, Patented Jan. 9, 1866.

5 Sh eats-Sheet 5.

G. CROMPTON.

FANCY LOOM.

Patented Jan. 9, 1866.

My M? UNITED STATES eEo. oRoMPToN, or WORCESTER,MASSACHUSETTS;-

iMPRovEMENT IN FANCY-Looms.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 51,928, dated January 9, 1866.

.to the accompanying drawings, and to theletvtersof reference marked thereon, ot' which- Figure lis a front elevation of a loom'with myfnnprovements applied. Fig. 2 isl a rear elevation; Fig. 3, a plan; Fig. 4, an end elevation. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are'detached views of the improvement.

The same letters denote like parts in all the figures.

The nature of my improvement consists of an improved apparatus for operating the heddles, and through them the warp of-fancylooms, as I will now describe.

Eig. 1 represents the front elevation of a loom; to the left is attached the apparatus which gives motion to the heddles. 1 is' the breast-beam 5 2 2me the top rails; 8, the front girths, and 4 the rear girth, by which theframework is held together iu the ordinary manner.

The subject ot' the invention being exclusively the harness-motion,'no lathe, shafting, or other mechanism common to looms are represented.

Sustained at each end by the side brackets, 5 and 6, is the rod 7, which supports the four upright levers 8 8. 82 83. To the upper extremities ot' each of these levers are attached loop-like pieces of metal 9 9' 9z 93, from which a series ot' wires lead over pulleys or sheaves on top rails, 2 2, and which wires, passing down in a vertical line, are carried under another series of sheaves, and thence attached to the lower extremities ot' the vertical levers by loops 9 9 92 93.

11i-practice the harness-frames are suspend- .ed by the wires between the upper and lower series ot' sheaves, and throughthem the warp is drawn, neither of which, resented.

Fig.1represents the shed closed, as does also the sectional Fig. 5. 13 is a shaft which, in practice, is operated by bevel-gearing from the crank-shaft, (which operates the lathe,) t0- which it is contiguous. At one end of this however, is repshaft is a crank, 14, which, bya connector, 15, gives an oscillatory motion toa shaft, 16, having its bearings 17 and 1 8 in side brackets, 5 and 6. Keyed upon each end ot' this shaft, inside its bearings, are double-armed levers 20 20, the upper ends of which playin slots 19 19 of the curved arms 21 21, rising from their fulcrum at 22, which is a rod extending from one side bracket to the other, and resting in them. From this rod rise two similar arms, 24 24, to those already described, in each of which the lower ends ot' both double-armed levers nd play in slots 25 25.

To the upper ends of the slotted levers last described is secured a bar, 26, extending from one to the other. vA similar bar, 27, is secured to the upper extremities of the rst-described slotted levers. When the shed is closed these bars clamp the long upright bed- (lle-levers, which have their fulcrum at 7, somewhat ltke the jaws ot' a vise.' The rotation ot' the crank-pin 14 on shaft 13, from its position in Fig. 1, will draw down tliecomieeting rod 15, connected at the other end, 29, to a horizontal arm, 30, whichis attached in one cast-- ing with the double-aimed leverA (shown at Fig. 2, rear elevatiom) and will oscillate the shaft 16, and socause both double-armed levers thereon, by their pins-31 3l 3131, to play in the slots of the two pair -of slotted levers 21 2l and 24 24, and cause them and their ref spective bars to open and move in opposite directions, as it is shown 4in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 5 one of the upright levers 8 is represented in longitudinal section, taken through its edge. It will be seen that a inortise is made through this lever for the pui'poseof introducing a small lever, 32, and sustaining it upon a pin, Ateach endet' lever 32 is a hook 34J and 35, and from the outer end eXteudIs a branch, 36, passing'throu h a mortise orcored slot, 37 iu another s lever 38, resting at 39. This last-namedlever or linger lies on the periphery of the-cyliuderfill, the gravityofthe double hook 32 repouderating, in conjunction with lever through the medium of the mortise 37 iis-described, The inner hook,34, is engaged7 with bar27,and the outer hook, 35, is below thenmgeof-thebar 26. By them'ovement ot' the crank-pin 14 ou shaft 13 one-half a revolution would the pair of slotted levers. 2l 2l, and th'e bar 27 thereon, tc'7 move toward the center of the loom, and the bar on the other pair of slotted levers to move in the opposite direction.

When the levers 32 are in their normal position the hooks 34 will be so elevated as to catch yon the bar 27. Now, as the bar is moved inward it takes with it all the levers which are not lowered from it by the action of the pins 41 ot' the pattern-cylinder on the levers 3S, throwing the lower ends of the upright levers, with which the levers 32 justdrawn in are connected, outward, and lowering the leaves' of harness with which they are connected. While the bar 27 is moved inward the bar 2G is moved outward, and in so doing engages with the hooks 35 of the levers 32, which are elevated through the action of the pins 41 on the arms 3S, and in drawing them back throw outward the upper ends of the remaining upright levers, raising their leases of harness and perfecting 'the shed.

The outer edges ot' the bars 26 and 27 act as li-t'ter and depressor when making the shed. -The inner edges ot' them operate as eveners to bring all the upright levers to al common vertical linefor anew` distribution of the hooksl by the cylinder. This cylinder is in practice where a greater variety of changes are desired than can be obtained from a cylinder, or an endless chain of lags into which pins are inserted, as in the Debby and Witch looms. When the shed is closed the chain or cylinder is moved, by a catch-wheel, 42, and catch 43, through the means of the connecting-rod 44 and eccentric 45 on shaft 13. The wheel 53 has'depressions in which rest the roller in lcver 54, to which a spring, 55, is att-ached and secured at 56 to check its momentum and hold it in place during the intermission of motion, at which time the rows of projections uppermost on the chain or cylinder distribute the hooks to form the shed, each row ofr` projections varying the pattern as required, as isv usual in loomsof this class, as represented in Figs. 1, 4, and 3. lbe pins in the cylinder or chain being screwed into the lag, they, in practice, occasionally become loose and unscrewed,

and being then longer from the surface ot' the cylinder or lag, in raising the double book engage it with the elevating-bar 26; but as`it can raise it no higherthan the base of the hook without striking the lower side of the bar, the

pin must break. To overcome this objection the rod 39 which extends between andis su.S` tained at each end by 46 46', and secured A'at 46' by set-screw 47 and retains the levers 38 38- 38 38 which lie upon the cylinder or chain, is in such cases raised up. The bearings ot' the rod being kept down by spiral springs 48 48, through which bolts 4949 or stems pass, and the springs being compressed and retained by nuts 50 50, when the rod 39 is raised bya long pin, the springs 48 48 are contracted, and after the passage ot the pin again expanded, and bring the bearings 46 46 down and retain `them upon their seats, as shown in Fig. 7.

The loops 9 9 92 93 10 10 102 103, attached to the lower and upper extremities of the long upright heddle-levers, are shown at Fig. 5 enlarged in section, and also top and side views. These loops are so slotted as to vsnugly fit the extremities oi' the heddle-levers, and are sli ghi ly rounded-at the end of the slot A51 to iit any of the series ofnotches on the levers, and the spur .52, bearing upon the inner edge ofthe lever, prevents it from -falling oi the lower end and from dropping down on the upper end of the levers. As before stated, the vertical heddle-levers are slotted or cored out through their ed ges for the introduction of the double hooks,V

the advantage being a bea-ring on yeach side for the pin 33 on which to sustain the hook and to rivet the pin, therebyinsuring more free y and independent action of thebooks in their distribution e upon the lifter and depressor, when operated by the chain, than the simple riveting oftbe hooks upon the side of the lever.

Having thus fully described my improvements, what I claim as my invention, and desire to .secure by Letters Paten t, is-

1. The construction of the vertical heddlelevers having slots or mortises with pins passing through themfor the support ot' the double hooks, as described.

2. The construction of the loop with its spur.

like branch attached to the extremities ot' the vertical levers, as described.

3. The construction and combination of the two pairs of oscillating levers 2121 and 24 24, and their respective bars 27 and 26, forming the lifter, depressor, and eveners, with the double hooks and patterny cylinder or chain, as described.

4. So constructing` the bearings of the rod 39 that it may be raised and return -again to its original position, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Guo. cuoMrroN.

Witnesses H. M. RICE, GEo'. E. DUNLAP. 

